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Research · S&P 500 · Financials
The numbers, the scorecard and what analysts say, with the source for each. Information, not advice.
Price · last 3 months · daily close
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Daily closing prices via yfinance. Quotes are delayed. Past prices are not a guarantee of future results.
Value Scorecard · run 2026-10-18
9 of the 12 checks that carry a score were scored from the data available. 3 could not be scored (ROIC, DCF Value, Margin of Safety) and were left out, so the score is out of 45 instead of 60. The label uses the same share of the available points as for a full scorecard. The moat is shown as evidence from the filings, without a score.
Earnings & returns
Diluted EPS: $2.36 (2022), $1.84 (2023), $3.62 (2024), $3.87 (2025). It rose every year but one and ended above 2022; the framework scores that as 4.
ROE (net income / common equity): 22.8% (2022), 20.4% (2023), 33.8% (2024), 34.8% (2025). Median 28.3%, lowest 20.4%; the framework scores a median above 20% as 5.
ROIC not available: the 10-K financial data filed with the SEC has no standard operating income figure (or pre-tax income and interest expense), total assets and current liabilities for the same fiscal year.
Net margin of 22.7%; the framework scores above 20% as 5; gross margin 100.0%, operating margin 54.4%.
Balance sheet & cash
Debt-to-equity of 0.68; the framework scores 0.3-0.8 as 4 (total debt $15.30B, total cash $2.66B).
Free cash flow (operating cash flow minus capital expenditure): $6.10B (2022), $3.83B (2023), $3.42B (2024), $4.55B (2025). It ended at or below 2022; the framework scores that as 2.
Retained earnings, as filed in the 10-Ks (SEC EDGAR): $1.75B (2022), $660.73M (2023), $808.08M (2024), $191.64M (2025). The latest figure is half the 2022 figure or less; the framework scores that as 1.
Valuation models
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y) = $4.45 x (8.5 + 2 x 20.0) x (4.4 / 4.5) = $211.03 (EPS CAGR 45.0% capped at 20%). Current price $106.61; price is 49.5% below the model value.
Free cash flow or share count is not available from the data source, so no DCF value is computed.
Needs both a Graham value and a DCF value. Graham value $211.03 (price is 49.5% below the model value); DCF value N/A (not comparable).
P/B of 9.46; the framework scores above 5.0 as 1.
Business quality
A moat (a brand, a network, switching costs, patents, scale, a licence) is not a number in the filings, so Valerius doesn’t score it. Below are the figures and the words moat analysis starts from, from the company’s own 10-K filings. The conclusion is yours.
Return on capital, each year
Not available: the 10-K financial data has no standard figures for operating income, total assets and current liabilities in the same years, as is common for banks, insurers and REITs.
Gross margin, each year
Not reported: the filings don’t state a gross profit or cost of revenue figure, as is common for oil and gas companies, banks and insurers.
Competition, in the company’s own words · 10-K filed Feb 27, 2026
The asset management industry is intensely competitive, and we expect it to remain so. We compete both globally and on a regional, industry and sector basis. We compete on the basis of a number of factors, including investment performance, transaction execution skills, access to capital, access to and retention of qualified personnel, reputation, range of products and services, innovation and price. We face competition in the pursuit of institutional and individual investors for our investment funds. Although over time many institutional and individual investors have increased the amount of capital they commit to alternative investment funds, such increases may create increased competition with respect to fees charged by our funds. In the private wealth and insurance channels, the market for capital is highly competitive, requires significant investment and is highly regulated, which could create competitive challenges for us. In addition, competition for fundraising in the private wealth and insurance channels is also driven by the willingness of certain of our competitors to charge lower fees or pay higher or different types of distributors fees. We also face competition in the pursuit of attractive investment opportunities for our funds.
The opening of the company’s “Competition” section in its 10-K, quoted word for word, not summarized or edited. It is the company’s own description, not Valerius’s view, and may include the company’s expectations. Open the filing.
Return on capital = operating income / (total assets − current liabilities), the ROIC row’s definition; 15% is the framework’s return threshold. Gross margin = gross profit / revenue. Both from each year’s 10-K via SEC EDGAR. Moat analysis commonly looks at whether returns and margins held up over many years. These figures don’t say whether the company has an advantage, what it is, or whether it will last.
Capital allocation, 2022-2025: dividends or buybacks paid in every year (pass); $23.08B paid out against $17.90B of free cash flow (fail: paid out more than free cash flow); total debt $13.37B to $13.31B, down 0.5% (pass: not up more than 10%); shares outstanding 0.74B to 0.78B, up 5.5% (fail: up more than 2%). 2 of 4 tests passed; the framework scores that as 3.
Filings
Three kinds of event the company reported to the SEC in the last 5 years, from its filings on SEC EDGAR.
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These are events the company reported to the SEC. An auditor change or a late filing can have many causes; each date links to the filing, where the company explains it. Valerius does not score these.
Graham Formula:
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y)
EPS = $4.45, g = 20.0%, Y = 4.5
g capped at 20.0% (3-year EPS CAGR was 45.0%)
IV = $211.03
Current price $106.61 vs Graham value $211.03 — price is 49.5% below the model value.
DCF:
Free cash flow or share count not available from the data source — no value computed.Data from yfinance summary figures and financial statements, and from the company’s 10-K filings via SEC EDGAR; computed at a price of $106.61. Every score is calculated from the figures by the framework’s fixed rules, and the explanation beside it is generated from the same figures: Graham value, DCF value, margin of safety, ROIC, profit margins, debt-to-equity, price-to-book, EPS trend, ROE trend, free cash flow, retained earnings and capital allocation. No AI is involved in this scorecard. The moat is shown as evidence, without a score. Read each score with the figures beside it. A check that cannot be scored from the available data is shown as not scored and left out of the composite score. Intrinsic value calculations are model outputs based on stated assumptions, not predictions.
Recent headlines · third-party publishers · not investment advice
The 8 newest headlines whose title names the company, shown automatically and never chosen by Valerius. From third-party publishers via Yahoo Finance, linked to the source. Valerius doesn't write or endorse them. Not investment advice.