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Research · S&P 500 · Industrials
The numbers, the scorecard and what analysts say, with the source for each. Information, not advice.
Price · last 3 months · daily close
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Daily closing prices via yfinance. Quotes are delayed. Past prices are not a guarantee of future results.
Value Scorecard · run 2026-10-18
Earnings & returns
Diluted EPS: $1.13 (2022), $1.28 (2023), $1.40 (2024), $1.59 (2025). It rose every year; the framework scores that as 5.
ROE (net income / common equity): 23.6% (2022), 20.7% (2023), 18.1% (2024), 16.9% (2025). Median 19.4%, lowest 16.9%; the framework scores a median 15-20% as 4.
ROIC of 17.7%: operating income of $1.65B divided by $9.32B of capital (total assets $10.03B minus current liabilities $703.74M), fiscal year to Jul 31, 2026, as filed in the 10-K (SEC EDGAR). The framework scores 15-20% as 4.
Net margin of 31.8%; the framework scores above 20% as 5; gross margin 45.3%, operating margin 32.0%.
Balance sheet & cash
Net cash: total debt $88.37M, total cash $4.49B. The framework scores a net cash position as 5.
Free cash flow (operating cash flow minus capital expenditure): $839.24M (2022), $847.57M (2023), $961.57M (2024), $1.23B (2025). It rose every year; the framework scores that as 5.
Retained earnings, as filed in the 10-Ks (SEC EDGAR): $5.19B (2023), $6.55B (2024), $8.09B (2025), $7.98B (2026). It rose every year but one and ended above 2023; the framework scores that as 4.
Valuation models
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y) = $1.55 x (8.5 + 2 x 11.5) x (4.4 / 4.5) = $47.74. Current price $27.87; price is 41.6% below the model value.
FCF/share = $0.956, stage 1 growth = 9.6% for 5 years, terminal growth = 3%, discount rate = 10%. Stage 1 PV = $4.73, PV of terminal value = $13.81, DCF value = $18.53. Current price $27.87; price is 50.4% above the model value.
Graham value $47.74 (price is 41.6% below the model value); DCF value $18.53 (price is 50.4% above the model value).
P/B of 2.84; the framework scores 1.5-3.0 as 3.
Business quality
A moat (a brand, a network, switching costs, patents, scale, a licence) is not a number in the filings, so Valerius doesn’t score it. Below are the figures and the words moat analysis starts from, from the company’s own 10-K filings. The conclusion is yours.
Return on capital, each year
Above 15% in 10 of 10 years (2017-2026); lowest 17.7%, highest 31.6%.
Gross margin, each year
Between 88.9% and 90.5% over 3 years (a range of 1.6 points).
Competition, in the company’s own words · 10-K filed Sep 29, 2026
The latest 10-K has no section headed “Competition” that could be quoted. Open the filing to read how the company describes its markets.
Return on capital = operating income / (total assets − current liabilities), the ROIC row’s definition; 15% is the framework’s return threshold. Gross margin = gross profit / revenue. Both from each year’s 10-K via SEC EDGAR. Moat analysis commonly looks at whether returns and margins held up over many years. These figures don’t say whether the company has an advantage, what it is, or whether it will last.
Capital allocation, 2022-2025: dividends or buybacks paid in 0 of 4 years (fail); $0 paid out against $3.88B of free cash flow (pass); total debt $119.47M to $103.74M, down 13.2%, 0.1x EBITDA (pass: not up more than 10%); shares outstanding 0.95B to 0.97B, up 1.6% (pass). 3 of 4 tests passed; the framework scores that as 4.
Filings
Three kinds of event the company reported to the SEC in the last 5 years, from its filings on SEC EDGAR.
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These are events the company reported to the SEC. An auditor change or a late filing can have many causes; each date links to the filing, where the company explains it. Valerius does not score these.
Graham Formula:
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y)
EPS = $1.55, g = 11.5%, Y = 4.5
IV = $47.74
Current price $27.87 vs Graham value $47.74 — price is 41.6% below the model value.
DCF:
FCF/share = $0.956
Stage 1 growth = 9.6% for 5 years | terminal growth = 3.0% | discount rate = 10.0%
Y1: $1.047 → PV $0.952
Y2: $1.148 → PV $0.949
Y3: $1.258 → PV $0.945
Y4: $1.379 → PV $0.942
Y5: $1.511 → PV $0.938
Stage 1 PV sum = $4.73
Terminal value at end of Y5 = $22.23
PV of terminal value = $13.81
DCF value = $18.53
Current price $27.87 vs DCF value $18.53 — price is 50.4% above the model value.Data from yfinance summary figures and financial statements, and from the company’s 10-K filings via SEC EDGAR; computed at a price of $27.87. Every score is calculated from the figures by the framework’s fixed rules, and the explanation beside it is generated from the same figures: Graham value, DCF value, margin of safety, ROIC, profit margins, debt-to-equity, price-to-book, EPS trend, ROE trend, free cash flow, retained earnings and capital allocation. No AI is involved in this scorecard. The moat is shown as evidence, without a score. Read each score with the figures beside it. Intrinsic value calculations are model outputs based on stated assumptions, not predictions.
Recent headlines · third-party publishers · not investment advice
The 8 newest headlines whose title names the company, shown automatically and never chosen by Valerius. From third-party publishers via Yahoo Finance, linked to the source. Valerius doesn't write or endorse them. Not investment advice.