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Research · S&P 500 · Health Care
The numbers, the scorecard and what analysts say, with the source for each. Information, not advice.
Price · last 3 months · daily close
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Daily closing prices via yfinance. Quotes are delayed. Past prices are not a guarantee of future results.
Value Scorecard · run 2026-10-18
Earnings & returns
Diluted EPS: $8.03 (2022), $10.06 (2023), $10.67 (2024), $13.08 (2025). It rose every year; the framework scores that as 5.
ROE (net income / common equity): 111.6% (2022), 56.9% (2023), 55.7% (2024), 66.0% (2025). Median 61.5%, lowest 55.7%; the framework scores a median above 20% as 5.
ROIC of 61.8%: operating income of $1.36B divided by $2.20B of capital (total assets $3.35B minus current liabilities $1.15B), fiscal year to Dec 31, 2025, as filed in the 10-K (SEC EDGAR). The framework scores above 20% as 5.
Net margin of 25.0%; the framework scores above 20% as 5; gross margin 62.4%, operating margin 35.0%.
Balance sheet & cash
Debt-to-equity of 0.68; the framework scores 0.3-0.8 as 4 (total debt $1.10B, total cash $196.93M).
Free cash flow (operating cash flow minus capital expenditure): $384.15M (2022), $772.88M (2023), $798.08M (2024), $1.04B (2025). It rose every year; the framework scores that as 5.
Retained earnings, as filed in the 10-Ks (SEC EDGAR): $3.60B (2022), $4.44B (2023), $5.33B (2024), $6.39B (2025). It rose every year; the framework scores that as 5.
Valuation models
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y) = $14.07 x (8.5 + 2 x 14.0) x (4.4 / 4.5) = $502.14. Current price $560.36; price is 11.6% above the model value.
FCF/share = $11.528, stage 1 growth = 8.4% for 5 years, terminal growth = 3%, discount rate = 10%. Stage 1 PV = $55.17, PV of terminal value = $157.64, DCF value = $212.82. Current price $560.36; price is 163.3% above the model value.
Graham value $502.14 (price is 11.6% above the model value); DCF value $212.82 (price is 163.3% above the model value).
P/B of 27.41; the framework scores above 5.0 as 1.
Business quality
A moat (a brand, a network, switching costs, patents, scale, a licence) is not a number in the filings, so Valerius doesn’t score it. Below are the figures and the words moat analysis starts from, from the company’s own 10-K filings. The conclusion is yours.
Return on capital, each year
Above 15% in 10 of 10 years (2016-2025); lowest 40.6%, highest 64.1%.
Gross margin, each year
Between 54.9% and 61.8% over 10 years (a range of 6.9 points).
Competition, in the company’s own words · 10-K filed Feb 20, 2026
We compete with many companies ranging from large human and animal health pharmaceutical and medical diagnostics companies to small businesses focused on animal health. Our companion animal veterinary diagnostic products and services compete with both reference laboratory service and point-of-care product providers. Our competitors vary in our different business areas and regions. In some cases, academic institutions, governmental agencies, and other public and private research organizations conduct research activities and may commercialize products or services, which could compete with our products, on their own or through joint ventures. Some of our direct and potential competitors have substantially greater financial and managerial resources than us, as well as greater experience in manufacturing, marketing, research and development, and obtaining regulatory approvals than we do. For more information on risks related to our competition, refer to “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors." Competitive factors in our different business areas are detailed below: • Companion animal diagnostic offerings .
The opening of the company’s “COMPETITION” section in its 10-K, quoted word for word, not summarized or edited. It is the company’s own description, not Valerius’s view, and may include the company’s expectations. Open the filing.
Return on capital = operating income / (total assets − current liabilities), the ROIC row’s definition; 15% is the framework’s return threshold. Gross margin = gross profit / revenue. Both from each year’s 10-K via SEC EDGAR. Moat analysis commonly looks at whether returns and margins held up over many years. These figures don’t say whether the company has an advantage, what it is, or whether it will last.
Capital allocation, 2022-2025: dividends or buybacks paid in every year (pass); $2.95B paid out against $3.00B of free cash flow (pass); total debt $1.47B to $976.06M, down 33.6%, 0.6x EBITDA (pass: not up more than 10%); shares outstanding 0.08B to 0.08B, down 3.8% (pass). 4 of 4 tests passed; the framework scores that as 5.
Filings
Three kinds of event the company reported to the SEC in the last 5 years, from its filings on SEC EDGAR.
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These are events the company reported to the SEC. An auditor change or a late filing can have many causes; each date links to the filing, where the company explains it. Valerius does not score these.
Graham Formula:
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y)
EPS = $14.07, g = 14.0%, Y = 4.5
IV = $502.14
Current price $560.36 vs Graham value $502.14 — price is 11.6% above the model value.
DCF:
FCF/share = $11.528
Stage 1 growth = 8.4% for 5 years | terminal growth = 3.0% | discount rate = 10.0%
Y1: $12.496 → PV $11.360
Y2: $13.546 → PV $11.195
Y3: $14.684 → PV $11.032
Y4: $15.917 → PV $10.872
Y5: $17.255 → PV $10.714
Stage 1 PV sum = $55.17
Terminal value at end of Y5 = $253.89
PV of terminal value = $157.64
DCF value = $212.82
Current price $560.36 vs DCF value $212.82 — price is 163.3% above the model value.Data from yfinance summary figures and financial statements, and from the company’s 10-K filings via SEC EDGAR; computed at a price of $560.36. Every score is calculated from the figures by the framework’s fixed rules, and the explanation beside it is generated from the same figures: Graham value, DCF value, margin of safety, ROIC, profit margins, debt-to-equity, price-to-book, EPS trend, ROE trend, free cash flow, retained earnings and capital allocation. No AI is involved in this scorecard. The moat is shown as evidence, without a score. Read each score with the figures beside it. Intrinsic value calculations are model outputs based on stated assumptions, not predictions.
Recent headlines · third-party publishers · not investment advice
The 8 newest headlines whose title names the company, shown automatically and never chosen by Valerius. From third-party publishers via Yahoo Finance, linked to the source. Valerius doesn't write or endorse them. Not investment advice.