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Research · S&P 500 · Information Technology
The numbers, the scorecard and what analysts say, with the source for each. Information, not advice.
Price · last 3 months · daily close
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Daily closing prices via yfinance. Quotes are delayed. Past prices are not a guarantee of future results.
Value Scorecard · run 2026-10-18
Earnings & returns
Diluted EPS: $5.79 (2023), $4.63 (2024), $5.67 (2025), $6.35 (2026). It rose every year but one and ended above 2023; the framework scores that as 4.
ROE (net income / common equity): 109.9% (2023), 86.0% (2024), 114.0% (2025), 94.4% (2026). Median 102.2%, lowest 86.0%; the framework scores a median above 20% as 5.
ROIC of 24.9%: operating income of $1.67B divided by $6.72B of capital (total assets $10.74B minus current liabilities $4.02B), fiscal year to Apr 24, 2026, as filed in the 10-K (SEC EDGAR). The framework scores above 20% as 5.
Net margin of 19.2%; the framework scores 10-20% as 4; gross margin 70.6%, operating margin 26.7%.
Balance sheet & cash
Net cash: total debt $2.53B, total cash $3.58B. The framework scores a net cash position as 5.
Free cash flow (operating cash flow minus capital expenditure): $868.00M (2023), $1.53B (2024), $1.34B (2025), $1.87B (2026). It rose every year but one and ended above 2023; the framework scores that as 4.
Retained earnings, as filed in the 10-Ks (SEC EDGAR): $265.00M (2023), $208.00M (2024), $0 (2025), $153.00M (2026). It ended at or below 2023; the framework scores that as 2.
Valuation models
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y) = $7.09 x (8.5 + 2 x 17.1) x (4.4 / 4.5) = $296.02. Current price $203.80; price is 31.2% below the model value.
FCF/share = $5.964, stage 1 growth = 5.1% for 5 years, terminal growth = 3%, discount rate = 10%. Stage 1 PV = $26.06, PV of terminal value = $69.87, DCF value = $95.93. Current price $203.80; price is 112.4% above the model value.
Graham value $296.02 (price is 31.2% below the model value); DCF value $95.93 (price is 112.4% above the model value).
P/B of 26.72; the framework scores above 5.0 as 1.
Business quality
A moat (a brand, a network, switching costs, patents, scale, a licence) is not a number in the filings, so Valerius doesn’t score it. Below are the figures and the words moat analysis starts from, from the company’s own 10-K filings. The conclusion is yours.
Return on capital, each year
Above 15% in 9 of 10 years (2017-2026); lowest 11.6%, highest 25.1%.
Gross margin, each year
Between 61.3% and 70.7% over 10 years (a range of 9.4 points).
Competition, in the company’s own words · 10-K filed Jun 5, 2026
We operate in markets characterized by rapid technological change, evolving customer requirements, and frequent introductions of new products, services, and business models. Customer demand continues to be influenced by cloud adoption, digital transformation initiatives, cybersecurity requirements, and increasing use of artificial intelligence and data‑driven applications. We compete in the storage, data management, and AI data pipeline markets, including on-premises infrastructure, hybrid cloud environments, and public cloud services. Our offerings compete with a wide range of vendors that provide data storage systems, data management software, and related services. Some competitors offer broad portfolios spanning multiple infrastructure and software categories, while others focus on specific technologies, workloads, or delivery models. In hybrid and on‑premises environments, we compete against solutions that customers purchase through capital expenditures, as well as alternatives that emphasize consumption‑based or subscription models. In public cloud environments, customers may choose native cloud services that are consumed as operating expenses. We both partner with and compete against cloud service providers through our cloud‑based software and services offerings. We also compete in software-defined and cloud operations markets with solutions that address data mobility, orchestration, observability, automation, security, and application lifecycle management.
The opening of the company’s “Competition” section in its 10-K, quoted word for word, not summarized or edited. It is the company’s own description, not Valerius’s view, and may include the company’s expectations. Open the filing.
Return on capital = operating income / (total assets − current liabilities), the ROIC row’s definition; 15% is the framework’s return threshold. Gross margin = gross profit / revenue. Both from each year’s 10-K via SEC EDGAR. Moat analysis commonly looks at whether returns and margins held up over many years. These figures don’t say whether the company has an advantage, what it is, or whether it will last.
Capital allocation, 2023-2026: dividends or buybacks paid in every year (pass); $5.54B paid out against $5.61B of free cash flow (pass); total debt $2.68B to $2.73B, up 1.8%, 1.4x EBITDA (pass: not up more than 10%); shares outstanding 0.21B to 0.20B, down 7.5% (pass). 4 of 4 tests passed; the framework scores that as 5.
Filings
Three kinds of event the company reported to the SEC in the last 5 years, from its filings on SEC EDGAR.
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These are events the company reported to the SEC. An auditor change or a late filing can have many causes; each date links to the filing, where the company explains it. Valerius does not score these.
Graham Formula:
IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y)
EPS = $7.09, g = 17.1%, Y = 4.5
IV = $296.02
Current price $203.80 vs Graham value $296.02 — price is 31.2% below the model value.
DCF:
FCF/share = $5.964
Stage 1 growth = 5.1% for 5 years | terminal growth = 3.0% | discount rate = 10.0%
Y1: $6.268 → PV $5.698
Y2: $6.587 → PV $5.444
Y3: $6.923 → PV $5.202
Y4: $7.277 → PV $4.970
Y5: $7.648 → PV $4.749
Stage 1 PV sum = $26.06
Terminal value at end of Y5 = $112.53
PV of terminal value = $69.87
DCF value = $95.93
Current price $203.80 vs DCF value $95.93 — price is 112.4% above the model value.Data from yfinance summary figures and financial statements, and from the company’s 10-K filings via SEC EDGAR; computed at a price of $203.80. Every score is calculated from the figures by the framework’s fixed rules, and the explanation beside it is generated from the same figures: Graham value, DCF value, margin of safety, ROIC, profit margins, debt-to-equity, price-to-book, EPS trend, ROE trend, free cash flow, retained earnings and capital allocation. No AI is involved in this scorecard. The moat is shown as evidence, without a score. Read each score with the figures beside it. Intrinsic value calculations are model outputs based on stated assumptions, not predictions.
Recent headlines · third-party publishers · not investment advice
The 8 newest headlines whose title names the company, shown automatically and never chosen by Valerius. From third-party publishers via Yahoo Finance, linked to the source. Valerius doesn't write or endorse them. Not investment advice.