OXY Value Scorecard - Occidental Petroleum

Value Scorecard · run 2026-10-18

13 value checks: 12 scored 1 to 5, plus moat evidence

30/60

low-moderate value score

Earnings & returns

EPS Trend

1/5

Diluted EPS: $12.40 (2022), $3.90 (2023), $2.44 (2024), $1.61 (2025). The latest figure is half the 2022 figure or less; the framework scores that as 1.

ROE Trend

3/5

ROE (net income / common equity): 61.1% (2022), 17.1% (2023), 9.1% (2024), 5.8% (2025). Median 13.1%, lowest 5.8%; the framework scores a median 10-15% as 3.

ROIC

2/5

ROIC of 5.6%: earnings before interest and taxes of $4.21B (pre-tax income $3.13B plus interest expense $1.08B; the 10-K's financial data has no standard operating income figure) divided by $74.76B of capital (total assets $84.19B minus current liabilities $9.43B), fiscal year to Dec 31, 2025, as filed in the 10-K (SEC EDGAR). The framework scores 5-10% as 2.

Profit Margins

5/5

Net margin of 30.3%; the framework scores above 20% as 5; gross margin 73.3%, operating margin 45.4%.

Balance sheet & cash

Debt-to-Equity

4/5

Debt-to-equity of 0.34; the framework scores 0.3-0.8 as 4 (total debt $14.63B, total cash $4.15B).

Free Cash Flow

1/5

Free cash flow (operating cash flow minus capital expenditure): $12.31B (2022), $6.61B (2023), $5.18B (2024), $4.11B (2025). The latest figure is half the 2022 figure or less; the framework scores that as 1.

Retained Earnings

5/5

Retained earnings, as filed in the 10-Ks (SEC EDGAR): $16.50B (2022), $19.63B (2023), $21.19B (2024), $21.89B (2025). It rose every year; the framework scores that as 5.

Valuation models

Graham IV

1/5

IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y) = $3.52 x (8.5 + 2 x 0.0) x (4.4 / 4.5) = $29.26 (EPS CAGR -35.7% floored at 0%; the formula returns a negative value below -4.25% growth). Current price $62.38; price is 113.2% above the model value.

DCF Value

1/5

FCF/share = $3.789, stage 1 growth = 0.0% (revenue CAGR -3.4% floored at 0%; the company is valued as if it does not grow rather than extrapolating the decline) for 5 years, terminal growth = 3%, discount rate = 10%. Stage 1 PV = $14.37, PV of terminal value = $34.62, DCF value = $48.99. Current price $62.38; price is 27.3% above the model value.

Margin of Safety

1/5

Graham value $29.26 (price is 113.2% above the model value); DCF value $48.99 (price is 27.3% above the model value).

Price-to-Book

3/5

P/B of 1.86; the framework scores 1.5-3.0 as 3.

Business quality

Moat Evidence

Not scored

A moat (a brand, a network, switching costs, patents, scale, a licence) is not a number in the filings, so Valerius doesn’t score it. Below are the figures and the words moat analysis starts from, from the company’s own 10-K filings. The conclusion is yours.

Return on capital, each year

Above 15% in 2 of 10 years (2016-2025); lowest -19.9%, highest 23.4%.

Gross margin, each year

Between 76.5% and 91.0% over 8 years (a range of 14.5 points).

Competition, in the company’s own words · 10-K filed Feb 18, 2026

The Company produces oil, NGL and natural gas in both domestic and international markets, competing with public, private, and state-owned producers. Market conditions significantly influence hydrocarbon pricing and demand. The Company pursues capital-efficient production through conventional and unconventional field development, employing primary, secondary (waterflood), and tertiary (e.g., CO₂ and steam flood)

The opening of the company’s “COMPETITION” section in its 10-K, quoted word for word, not summarized or edited. It is the company’s own description, not Valerius’s view, and may include the company’s expectations. Open the filing.

Return on capital = operating income / (total assets − current liabilities), the ROIC row’s definition; 15% is the framework’s return threshold. For a year whose 10-K financial data has no standard operating income figure, earnings before interest and taxes (pre-tax income plus interest expense) is used. Gross margin = gross profit / revenue. Both from each year’s 10-K via SEC EDGAR. Moat analysis commonly looks at whether returns and margins held up over many years. These figures don’t say whether the company has an advantage, what it is, or whether it will last.

Capital Allocation

3/5

Capital allocation, 2022-2025: dividends or buybacks paid in every year (pass); $12.17B paid out against $28.21B of free cash flow (pass); total debt $20.77B to $23.35B, up 12.5%, 2.0x EBITDA (fail: up more than 10% and above 2x EBITDA); shares outstanding 0.90B to 0.99B, up 9.6% (fail: up more than 2%). 2 of 4 tests passed; the framework scores that as 3.

Filings

Company notices to the SEC

Not scored

Three kinds of event the company reported to the SEC in the last 5 years, from its filings on SEC EDGAR.

These are events the company reported to the SEC. An auditor change or a late filing can have many causes; each date links to the filing, where the company explains it. Valerius does not score these.

How the Graham and DCF values were calculated

  Graham Formula:
    IV = EPS x (8.5 + 2g) x (4.4 / Y)
    EPS = $3.52, g = 0.0%, Y = 4.5
    g floored at 0.0% (3-year EPS CAGR was -35.7%; below -4.25% the formula returns a negative value)
    IV = $29.26
    Current price $62.38 vs Graham value $29.26 — price is 113.2% above the model value.

  DCF:
    FCF/share = $3.789
    Stage 1 growth = 0.0% for 5 years | terminal growth = 3.0% | discount rate = 10.0%
    Stage 1 g floored at 0.0% (3-year revenue CAGR was -3.4%; the company is valued as if it does not grow rather than extrapolating the decline)
      Y1: $3.789 → PV $3.445
      Y2: $3.789 → PV $3.132
      Y3: $3.789 → PV $2.847
      Y4: $3.789 → PV $2.588
      Y5: $3.789 → PV $2.353
    Stage 1 PV sum = $14.37
    Terminal value at end of Y5 = $55.76
    PV of terminal value = $34.62
    DCF value = $48.99
    Current price $62.38 vs DCF value $48.99 — price is 27.3% above the model value.

Data from yfinance summary figures and financial statements, and from the company’s 10-K filings via SEC EDGAR; computed at a price of $62.38. Every score is calculated from the figures by the framework’s fixed rules, and the explanation beside it is generated from the same figures: Graham value, DCF value, margin of safety, ROIC, profit margins, debt-to-equity, price-to-book, EPS trend, ROE trend, free cash flow, retained earnings and capital allocation. No AI is involved in this scorecard. The moat is shown as evidence, without a score. Read each score with the figures beside it. Intrinsic value calculations are model outputs based on stated assumptions, not predictions.

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